Little bright minds: Before numbers and words, babies are already learning
ParentWise
6 minutes
ParentWise

Photos taken in collaboration with Matthias Chong and Ang Wei Ming, featuring our ParentWise families

While literacy skills such as reading and writing aren’t usually taught until kindergarten, you can lay the foundation for your children’s literacy skills from a very young age, even from birth.

Before your child learns to read and write, they will need to develop the building blocks for literacy – the ability to speak, listen, understand, watch and draw.

As they grow older, they also need to learn about the connection between letters on a page and spoken sounds.

Language Development & Communication
Promoting Emergent Literacy
Core Finding: LD-LIT-C01

The foundation for literacy begins in infancy. Emergent literacy is the term used to describe young children’s developing literacy skills before formal schooling. These “literacy-like” behaviours are acquired prior to formal instruction in reading and writing. Some of those behaviours are developed during the first three years of life, such as book handling, labelling pictures, and listening to stories

. Through these activities, children understand that written words make sense and have a meaning
2

Chopra & Khanna, 2019

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Literacy development is a vital part of your child’s overall development – the foundation for doing well at school, getting along with others, problem-solving, decision making and becoming independent.

Building literacy and language skills helps children be ready for formal schooling by instilling a love for reading and readiness for learning.

This is important for their success in school because they will need to move from learning to read, to reading to learn. At that point, if children struggle with reading, it impacts their ability to learn.

PARENTS ARE THE FIRST TEACHERS

Children who enter school with early literacy skills have an advantage that lasts throughout their schooling years.

A study by the

showed that children with poor reading skills are more likely to repeat a grade, which too often sets the stage for a pattern of failure in school.

Children not reading proficiently at Grade 3 (8-9 years old) were four times more likely to drop out of high school (14-18 years old) later on.

Language Development & Communication
Promoting Emergent Literacy
Core Finding: LD-LIT-C01

A 5-year

with 168 middle and upper middle-class children showed that children's exposure to books was related to the development of vocabulary and listening comprehension skills. These language skills were directly related to children's reading in Grade 3 (Primary 3).

The study found that parent involvement in teaching children about reading and writing words was related to the development of early literacy skills. Early literacy skills directly predicted word reading at the end of Grade 1 (Primary 1). Word reading at the end of Grade 1 predicted reading comprehension in Grade 3. Thus, the various pathways that lead to fluent reading have their roots in children's early experiences.

A 5-year

with 168 middle and upper middle-class children showed that children's exposure to books was related to the development of vocabulary and listening comprehension skills. These language skills were directly related to children's reading in Grade 3 (Primary 3).

The study found that parent involvement in teaching children about reading and writing words was related to the development of early literacy skills. Early literacy skills directly predicted word reading at the end of Grade 1 (Primary 1). Word reading at the end of Grade 1 predicted reading comprehension in Grade 3. Thus, the various pathways that lead to fluent reading have their roots in children's early experiences.

You are your children’s first teachers and play a crucial role in building their emerging literacy knowledge.

Evidence supporting the benefits of parents being involved in their children’s education and literacy development is overwhelming.

Children need to listen to language spoken by parents and caregivers because language development is a two-way process.

Interacting using language with the child, such as using stories and pictures as opportunities to ask questions and explore ideas, is a key method to promote language development.

Children whose parents read with them are more likely to have stronger language abilities than those whose parents do not.

Parents who introduce their babies to books give them a head start in school and an advantage over their peers throughout primary school.

Language Development & Communication
Promoting Emergent Literacy
Core Finding: LD-LIT-C02

Researchers have repeatedly found that the home literacy environments of toddlers and preschoolers have measurable effects on later language acquisition and literacy skills

. Families are essential to emergent literacy development. Reading and writing are usually first introduced to children in the home.

Researchers have repeatedly found that the home literacy environments of toddlers and preschoolers have measurable effects on later language acquisition and literacy skills

. Families are essential to emergent literacy development. Reading and writing are usually first introduced to children in the home.

Research from a British

showed that if parents started building their child’s vocabulary from birth, it positively impacted their language abilities when they attended school.

Language Development & Communication
Promoting Emergent Literacy
Core Finding: LD-LIT-C02

Another

of 1,063 children over 16 languages carried out in the UK showed that total vocabulary size at age two can significantly predict subsequent language and literacy achievement up to fifth grade (Primary 5). Reading, talking and singing to baby helps with vocabulary building, which in turn boosts literacy skills and affects the child’s literacy functioning levels when they are older
1

Lee, 2011

.

Another

of 1,063 children over 16 languages carried out in the UK showed that total vocabulary size at age two can significantly predict subsequent language and literacy achievement up to fifth grade (Primary 5). Reading, talking and singing to baby helps with vocabulary building, which in turn boosts literacy skills and affects the child’s literacy functioning levels when they are older
1

Lee, 2011

.

So, parents, take a keen interest in your children’s language development by providing a stimulating literacy environment from as young as possible. You'll see that they’ll be able to speak, write and read better as they grow up – all thanks to you!


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